Peter Khoury, the President of UFOESA, is himself an abductee. In 1988 Peter had an experience that involved two types of beings, telepathic communication, time loss and 'scoop' marks on his leg. This experience led Peter to search for the truth about the UFO phenomenon. Peter discussed his 1988 experience with a number of professionals and realised the need for support.

1992 Bedroom Experience - The world's first DNA PCR investigation of biological evidence from an alien abduction. by Bill Chalker/ Anomaly Physical Evidence Group ( APEG ). Copyright 2001-Bill Chalker/APEG Trust. Parts 1 - 11

Alien females from 1992 Experience - Part 11

The world's first DNA PCR investigation of biological evidence from an alien Abduction

The DNA Anaylsis - Part 3
By Bill Chalker

Results

Four PCR products were obtained in total: two from the hair of the tall blonde female (both left and right), two from Peter Khoury (both left and right), but none from his wife, whose hair may have been chemically treated so as to make recovery of DNA difficult (and who never came into direct contact with the alien hair). These four amplified DNA fragments were then cloned into a commonly used plasmid vector. Four full libraries of cloned sequences were obtained, by transformation of the four ligation reactions into E. coli, followed by multiple preparations of plasmid DNA on a small scale.

Roughly 6–12 clones were obtained from each amplified DNA fragment as a fairly substantial library by which to assess whether the amplified DNA might be pure and authentic, or else contain impurities due to contaminating DNA. Screening of these libraries using the dideoxy method for just one nucleotide showed that all four libraries con-tained pure and homogenous DNA, without any sequence impurities to a 90% level. Some clones were of reduced length, but these turned out to be end deletions as produced in the PCR step or subsequent manipulation.

Full sequence analysis of all four bases G, A,T and C using the dideoxy method (Sequenase Version 2.0) showed that all clones from the young man’s hair matched closely the human consensus from Mitomap, which is European in nature. Thus, clones from his hair did not show any system atic deviation from the consensus in any of 380 locations spanning the whole hypervariable region 16,023–16,400, apart from a few common C-to-T or A-to-G heteroplasmies at 16,189, 16,270, 16,312 or 16,362. By way of contrast, all clones as amplified from the hair of the tall blonde female show five consistent substitutions from the human consensus.

That consensus among human geneticists is based on the typical white European DNA sequence. These are all C/T or A/G transitions, and are located at 16,108 (C to T), 16,129 (G to A), 16,162 (A to G), 16,172 (T to C), and 16,304 (T to C). Three of those transitions at 16,129, 16,172, and 16,304 seem fairly common among human racial types, whereas the two at 16,108 and 16,162 seem quite rare.

Thus, mitochondrial DNA analysis of the hair shaft from a reportedly tall, blonde alien female shows that she is biologically close to normal human genetics, but of an unusual racial type. (Geneticists consider that there are two major racial types, based on DNA analysis: Africans and white Asians.)

By comparison, Neanderthal man differs from modern humans at 27 locations in the same DNA, while the chimpanzee differs from humans at 55 (see M. Krings, et al., “Neanderthal DNA Sequences and the Origin of Modern Humans,” Cell 90 (1997): 19–30), but the DNA from the tall blonde differs from the chimpanzee at 60 locations.One might expect from the physical description of that tall blonde female, as well as from the possible sexual nature of the event, that such a tall blonde female might represent just some strange human racial type.

One might predict further that her DNA should match closely that of racial types in Finland, Iceland, or Scandinavia, given the long, thin blonde hair as direct evidence, plus her tall stature and fair skin from eyewitness testimony; but as we shall see below, that seems not to be the case. Because of the subsequent clarification of the nature of the anomalous hair DNA sample, additional controls from blood samples were obtained from the young man, his wife, and a Chinese man who spent some time in the same room as the alien hair (but who never contacted it directly).

From these, mitochondrial DNA was amplified and analyzed as before in the region 16,023–16,270. The results show that all three control samples lie very close to a modern human consensus, with few if any substitutions as seen for the alien hair. Thus, the Chinese man shows a single substitution at 16,223 (C to T), typical of most Asians; while the young man’s wife shows no substitutions at all. Finally, the young man shows a single substitution at 16,249 (T to C); a region near 16,190 remains unclear.

The heteroplasmies seen for DNA taken from the young man’s hair, in no more than one out of 6-12 clones, may therefore represent just occasional mutations in an aged hair, since they are not found in blood. In summary, the blonde hair has a strange and unusual DNA sequence, showing five consistent substitutions from a human consensus (present in all cloned sequences), which could not easily have come from anyone else in the Sydney area except by the rarest of chances; is not apparently due to any sort of laboratory contamination; and is found only in a few other people throughout the whole world (see below).

COMPARISON WITH OTHER DATA

A detailed survey of the vast literature on sequence variation in Hypervariable Region I of mitochondrial DNA (see Mitomap) revealed that only four persons from this entire literature, consisting of tens of thousands of individuals, contain the extremely rare C-to-T substitution at 16,108. Quite surprisingly, those four persons who contain a C-to-T substitution at 16,108 also contain all four of the other substitutions at 16,129, 16,162, 16,172, and 16,304 in the blonde’s sample, yet show almost no other changes in the entire hypervariable region of 380 base pairs (one person differs by a single base).

Hence, we may conclude with high probability, that those four human persons and the tall blonde female share a common maternal ancestor, some time in the past 2,000–10,000 years, given known rates of substitution in mitochondrial DNA. Indeed, a perfect 5/5 match between the tall blonde and those four persons indicates that little if any random substitution has occurred in the intervening period.

Who might those four persons be, who seem to share a distant maternal ancestor with the tall blonde female, who left her hair with a young man in Sydney in 1992? It turns out that all four are of the Mongoloid Chinese racial type, with presumably Asian appearance as well as dark black hair. One was included as part of a small group from China, while the other three were found as just 4% in a large group of Taiwanese (see D84952, D84956, and D84985 from the DNA Data Bank of Japan). All four thus belong to a rare third human racial type (again, as defined by DNA sequence), found only in Asia.

(See S. Horai and K. Hayasaka, “Intraspecific Nucleotide Sequence Differences in the Major Noncoding Region of Human Mitochondrial DNA,” American J. Human Genetics 46 (1990): 828–842; and S. Horai, et al., “MtDNA Polymorphism in East Asian Popu-lations,” American J. Human Genetics 59 (1996): 579– 590.) What implications might these comparisons have for possible authenticity of the hair sample as collected by the young man in Sydney in 1992? While it would not be impossible for him to have had sexual contact with some fair skinned, nearly albino female from the Sydney area, such an explanation is ruled out by the DNA evidence, which fits only a Chinese Mongoloid as a donor of the hair.

Furthermore, while it might be possible to find a few Chinese in Sydney with the same DNA as seen in just 4% of Taiwanese women, it would not be plausible to find a Chinese woman here with thin, almost clear hair, having the same rare DNA. Finally, that thin blonde hair could not plausibly represent a chemically bleached Chinese (including the root), because then its DNA could not easily have been extracted. The most probable donor of the hair must therefore be as the young man claims: a tall blonde female who does not need much color, in her hair or skin as a form of protection against the sun, perhaps because she does not require it.

Could this young man really have provided, by chance, a hair sample which contains DNA from one of the rarest human lineages known (family C2), that lies further from the mainstream than any other except for African Pygmies and aboriginals (family C1)? Note that a few other persons from China, Japan or Korea show a partial 4/5 match to the blonde hair DNA, but none to date show the rare change at 16,108.

Studies of mitochondrial DNA among various human types have led to disturbing conclusions, if one accepts the Darwinian theory which suggests that we evolved gradually from apes, by random mutation followed by natural selection. For example, humans appear to be far less genetically diverse than other species such as chimpanzees, which suggests a recent “bottleneck” in our origin (L. B. Jorde, et al., “Using Mitochondrial and Nuclear DNA Markers to Reconstruct Human Evolution,” Bioessays 20 (1998): 126– 136).

Also modern Caucasians and Asians differ greatly from the lower primates in terms of genes for Rh factor (a determinant of fertility) and DNA sequences on the Y chromosome (among others). Could these large changes of DNA structure have come about just through random mu tation and drift? Or might the modern human population be a recent introduction to Earth from elsewhere, say 30,000 years ago when the Neanderthals went into rapid decline?

This suggestion is grounded on the idea that evolution would proceed more rapidly, on a galactic scale, with transfer of biological material from one solar system to another, rather than having life develop separately. This hypothesis is known as panspermia, or the seeding of life. If such transfer is common, then it would not be inconceivable that we would share a DNA sequence with aliens. We cannot know the answers to these questions with out much more open minded, well funded scientific research.

Today most professional scientists deny that there could be any humans elsewhere with greater technical capability than our own; deny that there could exist any humans co-fertile with us from elsewhere; and deny that ancient people could have been superior to ourselves in the late 20th century.

Great progress could be made if both UFO and alien abduction studies were accepted within the scientific community as viable research, so as to deserve open discussion and funding of a high priority. Scientists of all kinds could then work with competent anomaly investigators as we have done here, to obtain samples for research; while the primary providers of such evidence need not be scorned, but could be treated as favorably as say Schliemann who found Troy, or some archaeologist who finds a novel human skeleton.

Why should any science be forbidden?

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

This research was conducted on private funds (A$5,000) and in a private laboratory, without outside support. APEG is a professional scientific group with no outside ties. Its members wish to remain anonymous for now. Copies of a video tape on which the alien hair appears by darkfield microscopy, as well as copies of the alien DNA sequences which were cloned into plasmids, have been made and may be made available to serious researchers on request and where appropriate.

POST SCRIPT BY BILL CHALKER

Other scientists have considered the issue of “humans” elsewhere. For example, Paul Davies, Allen Hynek’s former friend, has written about this in his books Are We Alone (1995) and The Fifth Miracle (1998). In the former, in an appendix entitled “The Argument for Duplicate Beings,” he states “The general conclusion of the argument is that, in most reasonably spatially infinite cosmological models with conservative assumptions, there are indeed an infinite number of duplicate beings.”

He also writes (p. 23), “if we were to discover extraterrestrial DNA that could be proved to be of independent origin, it would strike at the very heart of Darwinian evolutionary theory and the entire (currently dominant) scientific paradigm in which all teleology is decisively rejected.

” When I go bush occasionally, where the sheer immensity and closeness of the night sky is very powerfully present, I have the overwhelming sense that our little portion of the cosmos is far from unique, and that we are far from unique. Life is out there. It may not be all that surprising that one day we might find that some of it is like us in so many ways, even down to its fundamental base, such as DNA itself.

Contact Peter: UFOESA, P.O Box 191, Regents Park, NSW  2141